Anxiety: Understanding the Signs and Learning How to Cope

Anxiety is something most of us experience.
Before a difficult conversation, a major decision, an important appointment or a period of uncertainty, our minds and bodies may become more alert. We think ahead, anticipate what could go wrong and prepare ourselves to respond.
In that sense, anxiety has a purpose.
But sometimes the alarm system becomes too sensitive.
You may find yourself worrying even when nothing is immediately wrong, imagining worst-case scenarios, avoiding situations or feeling physical anxiety that seems difficult to control.
When anxiety begins interfering with your relationships, sleep, work or ability to enjoy your life, it may be time to understand what’s happening underneath it.
What Does Anxiety Feel Like?
Anxiety doesn’t look the same for everyone.
For some people, it happens mostly in their thoughts.
For others, it is intensely physical.
You might experience:
- Constant or excessive worry
- Overthinking conversations and decisions
- Difficulty concentrating
- Irritability
- Restlessness
- Muscle tension
- A racing heart
- Shallow or rapid breathing
- Sweating or trembling
- Difficulty sleeping
- Digestive discomfort
- Feeling unable to relax
- Fear that something bad is going to happen
- Avoiding situations that make you anxious
- Repeatedly seeking reassurance
- Feeling overwhelmed by uncertainty
Sometimes people don’t even recognize themselves as anxious.
They may simply describe themselves as someone who thinks too much, needs to be prepared, has difficulty letting things go or always expects something to go wrong.
Why Do We Experience Anxiety?
There isn’t one single cause of anxiety.
Our biology, temperament, relationships, past experiences, current circumstances and stress levels can all play a role.
Anxiety may become stronger during:
- Relationship difficulties
- Separation or divorce
- Parenting challenges
- Financial pressure
- Work stress
- Health concerns
- Major life transitions
- Grief and loss
- Experiences of trauma
- Periods of uncertainty
Sometimes anxiety makes complete sense when we understand what someone has been living through.
Instead of only asking:
“How do I make this anxiety stop?”
it can be useful to ask:
“What is my anxiety trying to protect me from?”
Anxiety and the Nervous System
Anxiety isn’t simply happening in your thoughts.
Your body is involved too.
When your brain perceives potential danger, your nervous system prepares you to respond.
Your heart may beat faster.
Your muscles tighten.
Your breathing changes.
Your attention becomes focused on possible threats.
This response can be extremely useful when there is genuine danger.
The difficulty comes when the body continues responding as though danger is present even when you’re physically safe.
Learning to notice what’s happening in your body can be an important part of working with anxiety.
Anxiety and Overthinking
Anxiety loves certainty.
Unfortunately, life doesn’t provide very much of it.
We don’t know exactly how another person feels.
We can’t guarantee that a relationship will last.
We don’t know how an important conversation will go.
We can’t control everything that happens to our children.
We don’t know exactly what the future will bring.
When certainty isn’t available, the anxious mind often tries to create it by thinking more.
You replay conversations.
Research endlessly.
Ask other people what they think.
Imagine every possible outcome.
Prepare for problems that haven’t happened.
For a little while, this may feel productive.
But eventually, thinking stops creating clarity and starts creating more anxiety.
Notice the Difference Between a Thought and a Fact
One useful skill is learning to notice what your mind is telling you without automatically treating the thought as truth.
Imagine you send someone an important message and they don’t respond.
Your mind might immediately say:
“They’re upset with me.”
Then:
“I shouldn’t have said that.”
Then:
“I’ve ruined everything.”
What do you actually know?
You sent a message.
They haven’t responded yet.
Everything after that may be your mind attempting to fill uncertainty with a story.
You don’t have to force yourself to think positively.
Instead, try asking:
What do I actually know?
What am I assuming?
Is there another possible explanation?
What would I say to someone I care about if they were having this thought?
That small pause can begin changing your relationship with anxious thinking.
Mindfulness for Anxiety
Mindfulness can be especially helpful when anxiety keeps pulling you into the future.
Instead of trying to solve everything that might happen, mindfulness brings attention back to what is happening now.
You might notice your breath.
Feel your feet on the floor.
Listen to the sounds around you.
Notice sensations in your body.
Observe a thought without needing to follow it.
Mindfulness isn’t about emptying your mind or eliminating anxiety.
It’s about learning to notice your internal experience without immediately being carried away by it.
I’ve written more about mindfulness and how to incorporate it into everyday life.
Working With Anxiety in the Body
When anxiety is physical, reasoning with yourself isn’t always enough.
Sometimes the body needs support too.
You might experiment with:
- Slowing your breathing
- Making your exhale slightly longer
- Walking
- Stretching
- Dancing
- Spending time outside
- Relaxing areas where you’re holding tension
- Feeling your feet firmly against the ground
- Taking a break from constant stimulation
- Eating and sleeping consistently
The goal isn’t necessarily to make anxiety disappear immediately.
Sometimes the first step is simply helping yourself feel a little safer and more grounded while the feeling passes.
Avoidance Can Make Anxiety Stronger
When something makes us anxious, avoiding it can bring immediate relief.
Unfortunately, avoidance can also teach the brain:
“I escaped something dangerous.”
The next time the situation appears, anxiety may become even stronger.
Gradually approaching something you fear—at an appropriate and manageable pace—can sometimes help your nervous system learn that the situation is tolerable.
This doesn’t mean forcing yourself into overwhelming situations.
For significant fears, phobias or trauma-related anxiety, working with an appropriately trained mental-health professional can help determine a safe approach.
Stress and Anxiety Often Feed Each Other
Anxiety can become much harder to manage when you’re already exhausted or overwhelmed.
Lack of sleep, chronic work pressure, relationship conflict, caregiving responsibilities and having very little time to recover can keep the nervous system activated.
Sometimes treating anxiety isn’t only about changing your thoughts.
It’s also about examining the life surrounding those thoughts.
You may find my article about practical ways to manage stress and overwhelm helpful.
Anxiety in Relationships
Anxiety frequently shows up in relationships.
You may worry about being rejected.
Need reassurance that everything is okay.
Read deeply into changes in someone’s tone or behaviour.
Avoid difficult conversations because you’re afraid of the outcome.
Or become highly activated when someone pulls away.
Sometimes these patterns connect with our earlier experiences of relationships and attachment.
Understanding why a particular situation activates you can create more choice in how you respond.
When Should I Consider Counselling for Anxiety?
You don’t need to wait until anxiety becomes unbearable before asking for support.
Counselling may be helpful when anxiety:
- Regularly interferes with sleep
- Affects your relationships
- Makes decisions extremely difficult
- Causes you to avoid important parts of your life
- Creates frequent physical symptoms
- Leads to constant reassurance-seeking
- Makes it difficult to concentrate or work
- Leaves you feeling exhausted from overthinking
Therapy isn’t necessarily about getting rid of every anxious feeling.
Anxiety is part of being human.
Instead, counselling can help you understand your patterns, develop different ways of responding to anxious thoughts and feelings, and explore what may be underneath them.
Counselling for Anxiety in Nanaimo and Online
In my counselling work, I draw from several approaches depending on the person I’m working with.
We may explore thoughts and beliefs, relationships, past experiences, emotions, mindfulness or what’s happening in your body.
There isn’t one technique that fits everyone.
My goal is to understand you, rather than simply treating anxiety as a collection of symptoms.
You can learn more about my counselling services in Nanaimo and online.
If you’d like to see whether working together feels like a good fit, you can request a free 15-minute consultation.

In the serene landscapes of Nanaimo on Vancouver Island, the allure of nature is a perfect backdrop for tackling the ever-present challenge of stress. As a professional counsellor offering both in-person and online therapy services, I recognize the paramount importance of stress management in maintaining mental and emotional well-being. In this article, we delve into a comprehensive guide of stress management techniques to help you achieve balance and tranquility in your life. Whether you prefer face-to-face sessions in Nanaimo or the convenience of online therapy, these strategies are designed to empower you. You can also check
1. Mindfulness and Meditation
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